x

Table of Contents

Orthographic

Asha'ille

[1] Cha'mirv tei en'i, t'vesik kén ne sarnim. [2] Sirev edh chi'sarn ne eyoke. [3] Sirev daed sarnim ne cátua vaeleshim. [4] Sirev edh sarn ne sedin. [5] Cha'kén ne von sarnim! [6] Cha'kén ne dove'eyoke von sarnim. [7] Sar, daed; sar, daed; vo, vo!

[8] Mirv sanim vep'cchikivon ne dochil k'. [9] Sirev daed sanim ne chi chirejhenim. [10] Sirev edh san ne fo hishalle. [11] Éjhillev dochil ne kénon done sanim. [12] Jhor'san 'sa fo hishalle t'Mei. [13] Éjhillev Mei ne kénon done jhelle dochil. [14] Di'ay taerev ne dochil vep'kénon done va k'.

[15] Cha'mirv Chimei tei en'i. [16] Vel'neilerish movdisheim. [17] Mov kéndisheim ne hijim. [18] Jhor'hijim t'vae neilerish. [19] Jhor'mleni hiji t'fo. [20] Jhor'daed hijim t'kre fo. [21] Vel'aeg taemovad sar daed. [22] Sirevenim aeg hijim.

[23] Jhor'aeg vam t'vae haláin. [24] Jhor'edh t'ishi va 'sa fo. [25] Virevko n'o. [26] Jhor'no t'vae haláin ve'halaiye. [27] Kénjaer fo va ne sarnim e'kath eyoke. [28] Kénjaer ne chi'san e'kath fo hishalle. [29] Kénjaer ne jhelle dochil t'ishi chirejhen. [30] Kénjaer ne carnen e'kath vae'neilerish. [31] Ojo vel'en i vastavdetim ishi vam?

[32] Sirev chi'san ne fo mmeyen. [33] Ojo jhor'ishi t'no? [34] Mish emalvto sarn Chimei n'o. [35] Cha'mirv Mei, vo kén ne mmeyen seni. [36] Mish asardavad emalv n'o. [37] Vel'neilerish taerevdenilo. [38] Mish emalv ve'jhelle. [39] Ojo jhor'eyoke t'vae mmeyen? [40] Chat'sirevtad n'o. Vik'movishem.

[41] Cha'kén ne ishi apel 'sa fo! [42] Sirev ne jhelle apel 'sa aeg. [43] Jhor'sar t'fo, t'ves jhor'daed t'forín. [44] Arevdenilishe ne fo no. [45] Mïsh daedh sirevni në forín no? [46] Jhiye jhi, yet jhor'sa t'jhelle san. [47] Kén'i ne fo apel 'sa cátua dovae'haláin. [48] Mïsh sirevteni 'sa'te në'o? [49] Jhiye jhi vo, yet kor'gor halaiye.

[50] Jhor'Franko Chimei t'vae neilerish, alunyu tei mmeyen. [51] Mirv vep'bákarav ne emeirjhom. [52] Sirev Mei ne fo emeirjho. [53] Sirev Franko ne forín emeirjhom 'sa aeg. [54] Mish sirevdoto Franko Mei n'om. [55] Vel'mmeyen taerevdo n'om. [56] Éjhillev ne sirevon done ishi emeirjhom.

[57] Cha'mirv sanim! Kén'i ne va'aea. [58] Jhor'chi vam t'vae no. [59] Sar, daed, aeg. [60] Vastavkaerim chi vam. [61] Kor'aerim t'ishi. [62] Vek'cchunun di'arinevdaerim ne ishi. [63] Kor'cátua va t'vik vae'saea. [64] Jhor'a t'vae haláin ve'halaiye. [65] Vek'cchunun mirvdalaerim. [66] Mirv nagovta a aerim.

[67] Veki mov sarnim ne syirún grelle. [68] Vik'jhor vae'saea t'nom. [69] Jhor'vae saea t'kkin mmeyen. [70] T'ves jhor'vae saea t'sarn 'sa eyoke. [71] Veki vae'syirún cchikiv grelle. [72] Veki bákarav ne ishi emeirjhom grelle. [73] Yet bákarav nom ne chi vam 'sa va'aea, jhiye kr'direv n'om. [74] Vek'cchunun movdom vel'cresin. [75] Vel'cresin emalvdom ne mmeyen.

[76] Mïsh emalvtishe Franko en'i tei 'sa'te? [77] Jhiye Chimei, mish asardavteniyad ne mmeyen vilo'en i, yet vékigrelle. [78] Cha'asardavad, cha'arevleni ne hya. [79] Kr'arevdeni ne jhelle kkin ne hya. [80] Vik'vo! [81] Jhor'ápelith haláin t'vae saea, [82] kret'kénkishem ne va'aea 'sa vae'yu.

[83]

Do'llav

[84] Jhor'aeg sarnim daed sanim t'vae saea, [85] 'yu'vae apel haláin 'sa cátua. [86] Sirev edh sarn ne forín eyoke, t'ves vo edh ne hya. [87] Jhor'sarn 'sa'vae fo mmeyen t'Franko. [88] Éjhillev sanim ne kénon done Franko. [89] Viya'no emalvom. [90] Veki mov tei no vel'neilerish t'syirún k' grelle. [91] Mïsh emalv tei 'sa'te Franko? [92] Jhi, asardavad sanim! Jhi daedh vo, sarnim! [93] Cha'asardavad vilo'en i, kén ne movon jhelle kkin. [94] Vik'movdishem vel'syirún vep'bákarav ne emeirjhom [95] t'ves kén ne ishi vam kes kep. [96] Kénjo ne va'aea vae'edh haláin k', [97] kret'voko ne chi vam. [98] Jhiye jhekre kén ne cátua va, [99] yet mirva vep'nagovto ne chi nom k'. [100] Mlireva ne ishi cresin 'sa halaiye 'sa'vae haláin.

English

[1] Come with me, and see the boys. [2] One little boy has a drum. [3] Two boys have big hats. [4] One boy has a ball. [5] See the boys go! [6] See the boys go with the drum. [7] One, two; one, two; drum, drum!

[8] The girls have come to play with the baby. [9] Two girls have little toys. [10] One girl has a red dress. [11] The baby is glad to see the girls. [12] The girl with the red dress is May. [13] May is glad to see the good baby. [14] She will take the baby to see the bird.

[15] Come with me, little May. [16] We will go to the field. [17] We will go and see the cows. [18] The cows are in the field. [19] My cow is red. [20] Two cows are not red. [21] One and two are three. [22] We have three cows.

[23] Three birds are in the tree. [24] One is a pretty red bird. [25] You cannot catch it. [26] It is high in the tree. [27] The red bird can see the boys with the drum. [28] It can see the little girl with the red dress. [29] It can see the good baby and the pretty toy. [30] It can see the man in the field. [31] Pretty birds, will you fly to me?

[32] The little boy has a red wagon. [33] Is it not a pretty one? [34] The boy will let little May ride in it. [35] Come, May, come and see my wagon. [36] You may get in it and have a ride. [37] I will take you with me to the fields. [38] You may have a good ride. [39] Is the drum in the wagon? [40] Let me get it. Now we will go.

[41] See my pretty red apple! [42] I have three good apples. [43] One is red, and two are yellow. [44] I will give you the red one. [45] May I have a yellow one, too? [46] Yes, if you are a good girl. [47] I see a big red apple in the tree. [48] Will you let me get it? [49] Yes, you may if it is not too high.

[50] Frank and little May are in the field with the wagon. [51] They have come to find flowers. [52] May has a red flower. [53] Frank has three yellow flowers. [54] He will let May have them. [55] She will take them to the wagon. [56] She is glad to get the pretty flowers.

[57] Come here, girls! I see a nest. [58] Little birds are in it. [59] One, two, three. [60] The little birds cannot fly. [61] They are not pretty. [62] They will get pretty by and by. [63] The big bird is not here now. [64] She is high in the apple tree. [65] She will come to them by and by. [66] She will come and feed them.

[67] The boys like to go to the woods. [68] Here they are now. [69] Here are the horse and the wagon. [70] And here is the boy with the drum. [71] They like to play in the woods. [72] They like to find pretty flowers. [73] If they find little birds in a nest, they will not take them. [74] By and by they will go home. [75] They will ride home in the wagon.

[76] Will you let me ride home with you, Frank? [77] Yes, May, you may sit by me in the wagon if you like. [78] Get in, and give me the whip. [79] I will not whip the good horse. [80] Now, here we go! [81] Here is the apple tree, [82] but we cannot see the nest in it.

[83]

Review

[84] Here are three boys and two girls [85] by the big apple tree. [86] One boy has a yellow drum and one has a whip. [87] The boy in the red wagon is Frank. [88] The girls are glad to see Frank. [89] He will give them a ride. [90] They like to go with him to the fields and the woods. [91] May we ride with you, Frank? [92] Yes, girls, get in! And you too, boys! [93] Sit by me and see the good horse go. [94] Now we will go to the woods to find flowers [95] and see the pretty birds. [96] In one tree you can see a nest, [97] but you can not see the little birds. [98] You may see the big bird [99] if she comes to feed the little ones. [100] She has a pretty home high in the tree.

Parts of Speech Legend

Q
 
adj
adjective
adv
adverb
conj
conjunction
cop
copula
epen
 
mi
modifier
n
noun
nom
 
part
particle
phr
phrase
pl
plural
poss
 
pro
pro-form
prsn
person
tns
tense
v
verb

Interlinear

orthographic version
morphemic breakdown
IPA pronunciation
part of speech
English translation
Cha'mirv tei en'i, t'vesik kén ne sarnim.
cha- mirv tei en'i te vesik kénillev ne sarn -im
ʧɑ miɹv te ɛnːˈi ˈvɛsɪk ˈkɛnɪlɛv sɑɹn mˈ̩
v conj pro conj adv v mi n pl
IMP come with SELF and THEN: see OBJ: boy PL
Come with me, and see the boys.
Sirev edh chi'sarn ne eyoke.
sirev edh chi- sarn ne eyoke
sɪˈɹɛv ɛð ʧi sɑɹn ɛˈjokɛ
v adj adj n mi n
have this DIM boy OBJ: drum
One little boy has a drum.
Sirev daed sarnim ne cátua vaeleshim.
sirev daed sarn -im ne cátua vaelesh -im
sɪˈɹɛv ded sɑɹn mˈ̩ ˈkɑtu.ɑ ˈvelɛʃ mˈ̩
v adj n pl mi adj n pl
have two boy PL OBJ: big hat PL
Two boys have big hats.
Sirev edh sarn ne sedin.
sirev edh sarn ne sedin
sɪˈɹɛv ɛð sɑɹn ˈsɛdɪn
v adj n mi n
have this boy OBJ: ball
One boy has a ball.
Cha'kén ne von sarnim!
cha- kénillev ne vo -on sarn -im
ʧɑ ˈkɛnɪlɛv vo on sɑɹn mˈ̩
v mi pro n n pl
IMP see OBJ: PRO-VERB :N boy PL
See the boys go!
Cha'kén ne dove'eyoke von sarnim.
cha- kénillev ne do- ve eyoke vo -on sarn -im
ʧɑ ˈkɛnɪlɛv do ɛˈjokɛ vo on sɑɹn mˈ̩
v mi adv n pro n n pl
IMP see OBJ: RE ADV: drum PRO-VERB :N boy PL
See the boys go with the drum.
Sar, daed; sar, daed; vo, vo!
sar daed sar daed vo vo
sɑɹ ded sɑɹ ded vo vo
adj adj adj adj pro pro
one two one two PRO-VERB PRO-VERB
One, two; one, two; drum, drum!
Mirv sanim vep'cchikivon ne dochil k'.
mirv san -im vep cchikiv -on ne dochil kep
miɹv sɑn mˈ̩ vɛp ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv on ˈdoʧil kɛp
v n pl adv v n mi n adv
come girl PL REASON: play :N OBJ: baby :REASON
The girls have come to play with the baby.
Sirev daed sanim ne chi chirejhenim.
sirev daed san -im ne chi chirejhen -im
sɪˈɹɛv ded sɑn mˈ̩ ʧi ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn mˈ̩
v adj n pl mi adj n pl
have two girl PL OBJ: small toy PL
Two girls have little toys.
Sirev edh san ne fo hishalle.
sirev edh san ne fo hishalle
sɪˈɹɛv ɛð sɑn fo hiˈʃɑl
v adj n mi adj n
have this girl OBJ: red dress
One girl has a red dress.
Éjhillev dochil ne kénon done sanim.
éjhillev dochil ne kénillev -on do- ne san -im
ˈɛʒɪlɛv ˈdoʧil ˈkɛnɪlɛv on do sɑn mˈ̩
v n mi v n mi n pl
enjoy baby OBJ: see :N RE OBJ: girl PL
The baby is glad to see the girls.
Jhor'san 'sa fo hishalle t'Mei.
jhor- san alun- -sa fo hishalle te mei
ʒoɹ sɑn ɑˈlun fo hiˈʃɑl
cop n mi mi adj n conj
EQUIV: girl PREV 1 red dress and ??
The girl with the red dress is May.
Éjhillev Mei ne kénon done jhelle dochil.
éjhillev mei ne kénillev -on do- ne jhelle dochil
ˈɛʒɪlɛv ˈkɛnɪlɛv on do ʒɛl ˈdoʧil
v mi v n mi adj n
enjoy ?? OBJ: see :N RE OBJ: good baby
May is glad to see the good baby.
Di'ay taerev ne dochil vep'kénon done va k'.
di'ay taerev ne dochil vep kénillev -on do- ne va kep
diˈʔɑi ˈteɹɛv ˈdoʧil vɛp ˈkɛnɪlɛv on do kɛp
tns v mi n adv v n mi n adv
FUT bring OBJ: baby REASON: see :N RE OBJ: bird :REASON
She will take the baby to see the bird.
Cha'mirv Chimei tei en'i.
cha- mirv chi- mei tei en'i
ʧɑ miɹv ʧi te ɛnːˈi
v adj conj pro
IMP come DIM ?? with SELF
Come with me, little May.
Vel'neilerish movdisheim.
vel neilerish mov -d- -ishe -im
vɛl neˈlɛɹɪʃ mov d ˈɪʃɛ mˈ̩
adv n v tns prsn pl
TOWARD: fields go FUT (close friend) PL
We will go to the field.
Mov kéndisheim ne hijim.
mov kénillev -d- -ishe -im ne hiji -im
mov ˈkɛnɪlɛv d ˈɪʃɛ mˈ̩ ˈhiʤi mˈ̩
v v tns prsn pl mi n pl
go see FUT (close friend) PL OBJ: cow PL
We will go and see the cows.
Jhor'hijim t'vae neilerish.
jhor- hiji -im te vae neilerish
ʒoɹ ˈhiʤi mˈ̩ ve neˈlɛɹɪʃ
cop n pl conj adv n
EQUIV: cow PL and WHERE: fields
The cows are in the field.
Jhor'mleni hiji t'fo.
jhor- ml-ml -ni hiji te fo
ʒoɹ ml ni ˈhiʤi fo
cop prsn n conj adj
EQUIV: POS (self) cow and red
My cow is red.
Jhor'daed hijim t'kre fo.
jhor- daed hiji -im te kre fo
ʒoɹ ded ˈhiʤi mˈ̩ kɹɛ fo
cop adj n pl conj adj adj
EQUIV: two cow PL and NEG: red
Two cows are not red.
Vel'aeg taemovad sar daed.
vel aeg taemov -ad sar daed
vɛl teˈmov ɑd sɑɹ ded
adv adj v nom adj adj
TOWARD: three be accompanied REFL one two
One and two are three.
Sirevenim aeg hijim.
sirev -ni -im aeg hiji -im
sɪˈɹɛv ni mˈ̩ ˈhiʤi mˈ̩
v prsn pl adj n pl
have (self) PL three cow PL
We have three cows.
Jhor'aeg vam t'vae haláin.
jhor- aeg va -im te vae haláin
ʒoɹ mˈ̩ ve hɑˈlɑin
cop adj n pl conj adv n
EQUIV: three bird PL and WHERE: tree
Three birds are in the tree.
Jhor'edh t'ishi va 'sa fo.
jhor- edh te ishi va alun- -sa fo
ʒoɹ ɛð ˈiʃi ɑˈlun fo
cop adj conj adj n mi mi adj
EQUIV: this and pretty bird PREV 1 red
One is a pretty red bird.
Virevko n'o.
virev -k- -o ne no
vɪˈɹɛv k ɔ no
v part epen mi n
catch unable (NULL) OBJ: it
You cannot catch it.
Jhor'no t'vae haláin ve'halaiye.
jhor- no te vae haláin ve halaiye
ʒoɹ no ve hɑˈlɑin hɑˈlɑijɛ
cop n conj adv n adv adj
EQUIV: it and WHERE: tree ADV: tall
It is high in the tree.
Kénjaer fo va ne sarnim e'kath eyoke.
kénillev -j- -aer fo va ne sarn -im egikath eyoke
ˈkɛnɪlɛv ʤ fo sɑɹn mˈ̩ ˈɛɡɪkɑθ ɛˈjokɛ
v part pro adj n mi n pl mi n
see able 3SU red bird OBJ: boy PL DO: drum
The red bird can see the boys with the drum.
Kénjaer ne chi'san e'kath fo hishalle.
kénillev -j- -aer ne chi- san egikath fo hishalle
ˈkɛnɪlɛv ʤ ʧi sɑn ˈɛɡɪkɑθ fo hiˈʃɑl
v part pro mi adj n mi adj n
see able 3SU OBJ: DIM girl DO: red dress
It can see the little girl with the red dress.
Kénjaer ne jhelle dochil t'ishi chirejhen.
kénillev -j- -aer ne jhelle dochil te ishi chirejhen
ˈkɛnɪlɛv ʤ ʒɛl ˈdoʧil ˈiʃi ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn
v part pro mi adj n conj adj n
see able 3SU OBJ: good baby and pretty toy
It can see the good baby and the pretty toy.
Kénjaer ne carnen e'kath vae'neilerish.
kénillev -j- -aer ne carnen egikath vae neilerish
ˈkɛnɪlɛv ʤ ˈcɑɹnɛn ˈɛɡɪkɑθ ve neˈlɛɹɪʃ
v part pro mi n mi adv n
see able 3SU OBJ: man DO: WHERE: fields
It can see the man in the field.
Ojo vel'en i vastavdetim ishi vam?
ojo vel en'i vastav -d- -et -im ishi va -im
ˈoʤo vɛl ɛnːˈi vɑsˈtɑv d ɛt mˈ̩ ˈiʃi mˈ̩
adv pro v tns prsn pl adj n pl
Y/N TOWARD: SELF fly FUT 2S PL pretty bird PL
Pretty birds, will you fly to me?
Sirev chi'san ne fo mmeyen.
sirev chi- san ne fo mmeyen
sɪˈɹɛv ʧi sɑn fo mə̆ˈmɛjɛn
v adj n mi adj n
have DIM girl OBJ: red wagon
The little boy has a red wagon.
Ojo jhor'ishi t'no?
ojo jhor- ishi te no
ˈoʤo ʒoɹ ˈiʃi no
cop adj conj n
Y/N EQUIV: pretty and it
Is it not a pretty one?
Mish emalvto sarn Chimei n'o.
mish emalv -t- -o sarn chimei ne no
miʃ ɛˈmɑlv t ɔ sɑɹn no
v part epen n mi n
may ride CAUS (NULL) boy ?? OBJ: it
The boy will let little May ride in it.
Cha'mirv Mei, vo kén ne mmeyen seni.
cha- mirv mei vo kénillev ne mmeyen s- -ni
ʧɑ miɹv vo ˈkɛnɪlɛv mə̆ˈmɛjɛn s ni
v pro v mi n poss prsn
IMP come ?? PRO-VERB see OBJ: wagon POSS: (self)
Come, May, come and see my wagon.
Mish asardavad emalv n'o.
mish asardav -ad emalv ne no
miʃ ɑsɑɹˈdɑv ɑd ɛˈmɑlv no
v nom v mi n
may add REFL ride OBJ: it
You may get in it and have a ride.
Vel'neilerish taerevdenilo.
vel neilerish taerev -d- -ni -l- -o
vɛl neˈlɛɹɪʃ ˈteɹɛv d ni l ɔ
adv n v tns prsn part epen
TOWARD: fields bring FUT (self) DO (NULL)
I will take you with me to the fields.
Mish emalv ve'jhelle.
mish emalv ve jhelle
miʃ ɛˈmɑlv ʒɛl
v adv adj
may ride ADV: good
You may have a good ride.
Ojo jhor'eyoke t'vae mmeyen?
ojo jhor- eyoke te vae mmeyen
ˈoʤo ʒoɹ ɛˈjokɛ ve mə̆ˈmɛjɛn
cop n conj adv n
Y/N EQUIV: drum and WHERE: wagon
Is the drum in the wagon?
Chat'sirevtad n'o. Vik'movishem.
chat- sirev -t- -ad ne no vik mov -ishe -im
ʧɑt sɪˈɹɛv t ɑd no vɪk mov ˈɪʃɛ mˈ̩
v part nom mi n adv v prsn pl
let's have CAUS REFL OBJ: it NOW: go (close friend) PL
Let me get it. Now we will go.
Cha'kén ne ishi apel 'sa fo!
cha- kénillev ne ishi apel alun- -sa fo
ʧɑ ˈkɛnɪlɛv ˈiʃi ˈɑpɛl ɑˈlun fo
v mi adj n mi mi adj
IMP see OBJ: pretty apple PREV 1 red
See my pretty red apple!
Sirev ne jhelle apel 'sa aeg.
sirev ne jhelle apel alun- -sa aeg
sɪˈɹɛv ʒɛl ˈɑpɛl ɑˈlun
v mi adj n mi mi adj
have OBJ: good apple PREV 1 three
I have three good apples.
Jhor'sar t'fo, t'ves jhor'daed t'forín.
jhor- sar te fo te ves jhor- daed te forín
ʒoɹ sɑɹ fo vɛs ʒoɹ ded foˈɹin
cop adj conj adj conj adv cop adj conj adj
EQUIV: one and red and WHILE: EQUIV: two and yellow
One is red, and two are yellow.
Arevdenilishe ne fo no.
arev -d- -ni -l- -ishe ne fo no
ɑˈɹɛv d ni l ˈɪʃɛ fo no
v tns prsn part prsn mi adj n
give FUT (self) DO (close friend) OBJ: red it
I will give you the red one.
Mïsh daedh sirevni forín no?
mish " daedh sirev -ni ne " forín no
miʃ deð sɪˈɹɛv ni foˈɹin no
Q v prsn mi Q adj n
may Q (ablaut) also have (self) OBJ: Q (ablaut) yellow it
May I have a yellow one, too?
Jhiye jhi, yet jhor'sa t'jhelle san.
jhiye jhi yet jhor- chishél -sa te jhelle san
ˈʒijɛ ʒi jɛt ʒoɹ ʧɪˈʃɛl ʒɛl sɑn
mi cop n mi conj adj n
then yes if EQUIV: close friends ring 1 and good girl
Yes, if you are a good girl.
Kén'i ne fo apel 'sa cátua dovae'haláin.
kénillev -ni ne fo apel alun- -sa cátua do- vae haláin
ˈkɛnɪlɛv ni fo ˈɑpɛl ɑˈlun ˈkɑtu.ɑ do ve hɑˈlɑin
v prsn mi adj n mi mi adj adv n
see (self) OBJ: red apple PREV 1 big RE WHERE: tree
I see a big red apple in the tree.
Mïsh sirevteni 'sa'te në'o?
mish " sirev -t- -ni chishél -sa -te ne " no
miʃ sɪˈɹɛv t ni ʧɪˈʃɛl te no
Q v part prsn n mi mi Q n
may Q (ablaut) have CAUS (self) close friends ring 1 POL OBJ: Q (ablaut) it
Will you let me get it?
Jhiye jhi vo, yet kor'gor halaiye.
jhiye jhi vo yet kor-gor halaiye
ˈʒijɛ ʒi vo jɛt hɑˈlɑijɛ
mi pro adj
then yes PRO-VERB if ?? tall
Yes, you may if it is not too high.
Jhor'Franko Chimei t'vae neilerish, alunyu tei mmeyen.
jhor- franko chi- mei te vae neilerish alun- -yu tei mmeyen
ʒoɹ ʧi ve neˈlɛɹɪʃ ɑˈlun ju te mə̆ˈmɛjɛn
cop adj conj adv n mi mi conj n
EQUIV: ?? DIM ?? and WHERE: fields PREV phrase with wagon
Frank and little May are in the field with the wagon.
Mirv vep'bákarav ne emeirjhom.
mirv vep bákarav ne emeirjho -im
miɹv vɛp ˈbɑkɑɹɑv ɛˈmeɹʒo mˈ̩
v adv v mi n pl
come REASON: search for OBJ: flower PL
They have come to find flowers.
Sirev Mei ne fo emeirjho.
sirev mei ne fo emeirjho
sɪˈɹɛv fo ɛˈmeɹʒo
v mi adj n
have ?? OBJ: red flower
May has a red flower.
Sirev Franko ne forín emeirjhom 'sa aeg.
sirev franko ne forín emeirjho -im alun- -sa aeg
sɪˈɹɛv foˈɹin ɛˈmeɹʒo mˈ̩ ɑˈlun
v mi adj n pl mi mi adj
have ?? OBJ: yellow flower PL PREV 1 three
Frank has three yellow flowers.
Mish sirevdoto Franko Mei n'om.
mish sirev -d- -o -t- -o franko mei ne no -im
miʃ sɪˈɹɛv d ɔ t ɔ no mˈ̩
v tns epen part epen mi n pl
may have FUT (NULL) CAUS (NULL) ?? ?? OBJ: it PL
He will let May have them.
Vel'mmeyen taerevdo n'om.
vel mmeyen taerev -d- -o ne no -im
vɛl mə̆ˈmɛjɛn ˈteɹɛv d ɔ no mˈ̩
adv n v tns epen mi n pl
TOWARD: wagon bring FUT (NULL) OBJ: it PL
She will take them to the wagon.
Éjhillev ne sirevon done ishi emeirjhom.
éjhillev ne sirev -on do- ne ishi emeirjho -im
ˈɛʒɪlɛv sɪˈɹɛv on do ˈiʃi ɛˈmeɹʒo mˈ̩
v mi v n mi adj n pl
enjoy OBJ: have :N RE OBJ: pretty flower PL
She is glad to get the pretty flowers.
Cha'mirv sanim! Kén'i ne va'aea.
cha- mirv san -im kénillev -ni ne va'aea
ʧɑ miɹv sɑn mˈ̩ ˈkɛnɪlɛv ni vɑˈʔe.ɑ
v n pl v prsn mi
IMP come girl PL see (self) OBJ: nest
Come here, girls! I see a nest.
Jhor'chi vam t'vae no.
jhor- chi va -im te vae no
ʒoɹ ʧi mˈ̩ ve no
cop adj n pl conj adv n
EQUIV: small bird PL and WHERE: it
Little birds are in it.
Sar, daed, aeg.
sar daed aeg
sɑɹ ded
adj adj adj
one two three
One, two, three.
Vastavkaerim chi vam.
vastav -k- -aer -im chi va -im
vɑsˈtɑv k mˈ̩ ʧi mˈ̩
v part pro pl adj n pl
fly unable 3SU PL small bird PL
The little birds cannot fly.
Kor'aerim t'ishi.
kor- -aer -im te ishi
koɹ mˈ̩ ˈiʃi
cop pro pl conj adj
NOT-EQUIV: 3SU PL and pretty
They are not pretty.
Vek'cchunun di'arinevdaerim ne ishi.
vek cchunun di'arinev -d- -aer -im ne ishi
vɛk ʧə̆ˈʧunun diˈʔɑɹɪnɛv d mˈ̩ ˈiʃi
adv adv v tns pro pl mi adj
WHEN: in time become FUT 3SU PL OBJ: pretty
They will get pretty by and by.
Kor'cátua va t'vik vae'saea.
kor- cátua va te vik vae saea
koɹ ˈkɑtu.ɑ vɪk ve ˈse.ɑ
cop adj n conj adv adv n
NOT-EQUIV: big bird and NOW: WHERE: here
The big bird is not here now.
Jhor'a t'vae haláin ve'halaiye.
jhor- a te vae haláin ve halaiye
ʒoɹ ɑ ve hɑˈlɑin hɑˈlɑijɛ
cop pro conj adv n adv adj
EQUIV: 3SF and WHERE: tree ADV: tall
She is high in the apple tree.
Vek'cchunun mirvdalaerim.
vek cchunun mirv -d- -a -l- -aer -im
vɛk ʧə̆ˈʧunun miɹv d ɑ l mˈ̩
adv adv v tns prsn part pro pl
WHEN: in time come FUT 3SF DO 3SU PL
She will come to them by and by.
Mirv nagovta a aerim.
mirv nagov -t- -a a aer -im
miɹv nɑˈɡov t ɑ ɑ mˈ̩
v v part prsn pro pro pl
come eat CAUS 3SF 3SF 3SU PL
She will come and feed them.
Veki mov sarnim ne syirún grelle.
veki...grelle mov sarn -im ne syirún
ˈvɛki ˈɡɹɛl mov sɑɹn mˈ̩ sjɪˈɹun
phr v n pl mi n
someone likes go boy PL OBJ: forest
The boys like to go to the woods.
Vik'jhor vae'saea t'nom.
vik jhor- vae saea te no -im
vɪk ʒoɹ ve ˈse.ɑ no mˈ̩
adv cop adv n conj n pl
NOW: EQUIV: WHERE: here and it PL
Here they are now.
Jhor'vae saea t'kkin mmeyen.
jhor- vae saea tekkin mmeyen
ʒoɹ ve ˈse.ɑ mə̆ˈmɛjɛn
cop adv n n
EQUIV: WHERE: here ?? wagon
Here are the horse and the wagon.
T'ves jhor'vae saea t'sarn 'sa eyoke.
te ves jhor- vae saea te sarn alun- -sa eyoke
vɛs ʒoɹ ve ˈse.ɑ sɑɹn ɑˈlun ɛˈjokɛ
conj adv cop adv n conj n mi mi n
and WHILE: EQUIV: WHERE: here and boy PREV 1 drum
And here is the boy with the drum.
Veki vae'syirún cchikiv grelle.
veki...grelle vae syirún cchikiv
ˈvɛki ˈɡɹɛl ve sjɪˈɹun ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv
phr adv n v
someone likes WHERE: forest play
They like to play in the woods.
Veki bákarav ne ishi emeirjhom grelle.
veki...grelle bákarav ne ishi emeirjho -im
ˈvɛki ˈɡɹɛl ˈbɑkɑɹɑv ˈiʃi ɛˈmeɹʒo mˈ̩
phr v mi adj n pl
someone likes search for OBJ: pretty flower PL
They like to find pretty flowers.
Yet bákarav nom ne chi vam 'sa va'aea, jhiye kr'direv n'om.
yet bákarav no -im ne chi va -im alun- -sa va'aea jhiye kre direv ne no -im
jɛt ˈbɑkɑɹɑv no mˈ̩ ʧi mˈ̩ ɑˈlun vɑˈʔe.ɑ ˈʒijɛ kɹɛ dɪˈɹɛv no mˈ̩
v n pl mi adj n pl mi mi mi adj v mi n pl
if search for it PL OBJ: small bird PL PREV 1 nest then NEG: take OBJ: it PL
If they find little birds in a nest, they will not take them.
Vek'cchunun movdom vel'cresin.
vek cchunun mov -d- -o -im vel cresin
vɛk ʧə̆ˈʧunun mov d ɔ mˈ̩ vɛl ˈkɹɛsɪn
adv adv v tns epen pl adv n
WHEN: in time go FUT (NULL) PL TOWARD: home
By and by they will go home.
Vel'cresin emalvdom ne mmeyen.
vel cresin emalv -d- -o -im ne mmeyen
vɛl ˈkɹɛsɪn ɛˈmɑlv d ɔ mˈ̩ mə̆ˈmɛjɛn
adv n v tns epen pl mi n
TOWARD: home ride FUT (NULL) PL OBJ: wagon
They will ride home in the wagon.
Mïsh emalvtishe Franko en'i tei 'sa'te?
mish " emalv -t- -ishe franko en'i tei chishél -sa -te
miʃ ɛˈmɑlv t ˈɪʃɛ ɛnːˈi te ʧɪˈʃɛl te
Q v part prsn pro conj n mi
may Q (ablaut) ride CAUS (close friend) ?? SELF with close friends ring 1 POL
Will you let me ride home with you, Frank?
Jhiye Chimei, mish asardavteniyad ne mmeyen vilo'en i, yet vékigrelle.
jhiye chimei mish asardav -t- -ni -ad ne mmeyen vilo en'i yet veki...grelle
ˈʒijɛ miʃ ɑsɑɹˈdɑv t ni ɑd mə̆ˈmɛjɛn ˈvilo ɛnːˈi jɛt ˈvɛki ˈɡɹɛl
mi v part prsn nom mi n adv pro phr
then ?? may add CAUS (self) REFL OBJ: wagon NEAR: SELF if someone likes
Yes, May, you may sit by me in the wagon if you like.
Cha'asardavad, cha'arevleni ne hya.
cha- asardav -ad cha- arev -l- -ni ne hya
ʧɑ ɑsɑɹˈdɑv ɑd ʧɑ ɑˈɹɛv l ni hjɑ
v nom v part prsn mi n
IMP add REFL IMP give DO (self) OBJ: whip
Get in, and give me the whip.
Kr'arevdeni ne jhelle kkin ne hya.
kre arev -d- -ni ne jhelle kkin ne hya
kɹɛ ɑˈɹɛv d ni ʒɛl kə̆ˈkin hjɑ
adj v tns prsn mi adj n mi n
NEG: give FUT (self) OBJ: good bird mount OBJ: whip
I will not whip the good horse.
Vik'vo!
vik vo
vɪk vo
adv pro
NOW: PRO-VERB
Now, here we go!
Jhor'ápelith haláin t'vae saea,
jhor- apel -ith haláin te vae saea
ʒoɹ ˈɑpɛl ɪθ hɑˈlɑin ve ˈse.ɑ
cop n adj n conj adv n
EQUIV: apple ADJ tree and WHERE: here
Here is the apple tree,
kret'kénkishem ne va'aea 'sa vae'yu.
kret kénillev -k- -ishe -im ne va'aea alun- -sa vae alun- -yu
kɹɛt ˈkɛnɪlɛv k ˈɪʃɛ mˈ̩ vɑˈʔe.ɑ ɑˈlun ve ɑˈlun ju
conj v part prsn pl mi mi mi adv mi mi
but see unable (close friend) PL OBJ: nest PREV 1 WHERE: P