Orthographic
Asha'ille
[1] Ne sarn. Kén'i ne sarn. [2] Kén'i ne san. [3] Kén'i ne sarn. [4] Kén'i ne sarn t'san. [5] Kénjo sarn ne san. [6] Kénjeni ne san t'sarn. [7] Kénjeni ne san. [8] Cha'kén ne carnen! [9] Cha'kén ne sarn t'carnen! [10] Sirev carnen ne vaelesh. [11] Ojo sirev sarn ne vaelesh? [12] Gyarovjo sarn. [13] Ojo gyarovjo carnen? [14] Kénjo carnen ne gyarovon sarn. [15] Sirevni ne vaelesh. [16] Sirevni ne chirejhen. [17] Ojo kénjec chirejhen? [18] Kén'i ne chirejhen seni. [19] Ojo sirevec chirejhen ne vaelesh? [20] Sirevec chirejhen seni ne vaelesh. [21] Sirev san ne chirejhen t'vaelesh. [22] Ojo cchikivjo sarn? [23] Gyarov cchikivjo sarn. [24] Cchikivjo sarn ne sedin. [25] Ojo cchikivjo carnen ne sedin. [26] Mish kén carnen ne cchikivon sarn. [27] Mïsh direv carnen në sedin? [28] Mish direv sarn ne sedin. [29] Ojo kénjo san ne dochil? [30] Ojo kénjo dochil ne chi'san? [31] Sirev dochil ne cátua chirejhen. [32] Sirev chi'san ne sedin. [33] Kéneni ne dochil. [34] Ojo kénjo dochil ne cátua vaelesh seni? [35] Mish sirev dochil ne sedin seni. [36] Cha'direv dochil ne sedin! [37] Mlirev carnen ne chi'dajh. [38] Mlirev sarn ne cátua dajh. [39] Cha'kén ne gyarovon chi'dajh! [40] Sirevar ne sedin seni. [41] Mïsh sirev cátua dajh në'o? [42] Mïsh direvar në'o? [43] Mish sirev chi'dajh ne sedin. [44] Mish gyarov cchikivar n'o. [45] Cha'kén ne chi'va! [46] Mïsh sirev dochil në'o? [47] Mïsh direv në'o? [48] Kal direv n'o. [49] Vastavjaer va. [50] Kal sirev dochil ne va. [51] Vastavko. [52] Mish cchikiv ne chirejhen seni. [53] Mish sirev ne cátua vaelesh seni. [54] Kén'i ne carnen t'dajh t'hiji. [55] Jhor'vae hiji t'vae carnen. [56] Sirev dajh ne cátua vaelesh. [57] Jhor'ar chi'dajh t'jhelle. [58] Mish arevar ne carnen ne vaelesh. [59] Énillevtar carnen ne ejhejh. [60] Gyarovja hiji. Cchikivka. [61] Kal sirev dochil ne va. [62] Vastavko, t'ves virevko n'o. [63] Ojo virevjo ne jhelle chi'san? [64] Cha'mirv dochil, cha'mirv! [65] Cha'mirv cha'virevleni. [66] Cha'virev n'i t'cátua chirejhen. [67] Yet ketye virevleni, jhiye sirev ne chirejhen. [68] Mish sirev n'o vépelai'cchikivon. [69]Do'llav
[70] Mlirev sarn ne cátua dajh. [71] Mish kén ne cchikivon dajh done sedin. [72] Ojo virevjo n'o? [73] Mïsh gyarov direv në'o? [74] Sirev carnen ne hiji egik cátua vaelesh. [75] Énillevto san chi'dochil ne ejhejh. [76] Mish sirev dochil ne cátua chirejhen seni. [77] Virevko ne va. [78] Mish mirv tei en'i, t'vesik kén ne vastavon va k'.English
[1] Boy. I see a boy. [2] I see a girl. [3] I see a boy. [4] I see a boy and a girl. [5] The boy can see the girl. [6] I can see the girl and boy. [7] I can see the girl. [8] See the man! [9] See the boy and the man! [10] The man has a hat. [11] Does the boy have a hat? [12] The boy can run. [13] Can the man run? [14] The man can see the boy run. [15] I have a hat. [16] I have a toy. [17] Can the toy see? [18] I can see my toy. [19] Does the toy have a hat? [20] My toy has a hat. [21] The girl has a toy and a hat. [22] Can the boy play? [23] The boy can run and play. [24] The boy can play ball. [25] Can the man play ball? [26] The man may see the boy play. [27] May the man take the ball? [28] The boy may take the ball. [29] Can the girl see the baby? [30] Can the baby see the little girl? [31] The baby has a big toy. [32] The little girl has a ball. [33] I can see the baby. [34] Can the baby see my big hat? [35] The baby may have my ball. [36] Take the ball, baby! [37] The man has a little dog. [38] The boy has a big dog. [39] See the little dog run! [40] He has my ball. [41] May the big dog have it? [42] May he take it? [43] The little dog may have the ball. [44] He may run and play with it. [45] See the little bird! [46] May the baby have it? [47] May she take it? [48] She cannot take it. [49] The bird can fly. [50] The baby cannot have the bird. [51] She cannot fly. [52] She may play with my toy. [53] She may have my big hat. [54] I see a man and a dog and a cow. [55] The cow is with the man. [56] The dog has a big hat. [57] He is a good little dog. [58] He may take the hat to the man. [59] The man is good to the dog. [60] The cow can run. She cannot play. [61] The baby cannot have the bird. [62] She cannot fly and catch it. [63] Can she catch the good little girl? [64] Come, baby, come! [65] Come and catch me. [66] Catch me and my big toy. [67] Catch me, and you may have the toy. [68] You may have it to play with. [69]Review
[70] The boy has a big dog. [71] You may see the dog play ball. [72] Can he catch it? [73] May I run and take it? [74] The man with the big hat has a cow. [75] The girl is good to the little baby. [76] The baby may have my big toy. [77] She cannot catch the bird. [78] She may come with me and see the bird fly.Parts of Speech Legend
- Q
- adj
- adjective
- adv
- adverb
- conj
- conjunction
- cop
- copula
- epen
- mi
- modifier
- n
- noun
- part
- particle
- poss
- pro
- pro-form
- prsn
- person
- v
- verb
Interlinear
| orthographic version |
| morphemic breakdown |
| IPA pronunciation |
| part of speech |
| English translation |
| Ne | sarn. | Kén'i | ne | sarn. | |
| ne | sarn | kénillev | -ni | ne | sarn |
| nɛ | sɑɹn | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | sɑɹn |
| mi | n | v | prsn | mi | n |
| OBJ: | boy | see | (self) | OBJ: | boy |
| Boy. I see a boy. | |||||
| Kén'i | ne | san. | |
| kénillev | -ni | ne | san |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | sɑn |
| v | prsn | mi | n |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | girl |
| I see a girl. | |||
| Kén'i | ne | sarn. | |
| kénillev | -ni | ne | sarn |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | sɑɹn |
| v | prsn | mi | n |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | boy |
| I see a boy. | |||
| Kén'i | ne | sarn | t'san. | ||
| kénillev | -ni | ne | sarn | te | san |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | sɑɹn | tɛ | sɑn |
| v | prsn | mi | n | conj | n |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | boy | and | girl |
| I see a boy and a girl. | |||||
| Kénjo | sarn | ne | san. | ||
| kénillev | -j- | -o | sarn | ne | san |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɔ | sɑɹn | nɛ | sɑn |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | n |
| see | able | (NULL) | boy | OBJ: | girl |
| The boy can see the girl. | |||||
| Kénjeni | ne | san | t'sarn. | |||
| kénillev | -j- | -ni | ne | san | te | sarn |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ni | nɛ | sɑn | tɛ | sɑɹn |
| v | part | prsn | mi | n | conj | n |
| see | able | (self) | OBJ: | girl | and | boy |
| I can see the girl and boy. | ||||||
| Kénjeni | ne | san. | ||
| kénillev | -j- | -ni | ne | san |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ni | nɛ | sɑn |
| v | part | prsn | mi | n |
| see | able | (self) | OBJ: | girl |
| I can see the girl. | ||||
| Cha'kén | ne | carnen! | |
| cha- | kénillev | ne | carnen |
| ʧɑ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | ˈcɑɹnɛn |
| v | mi | n | |
| IMP | see | OBJ: | man |
| See the man! | |||
| Cha'kén | ne | sarn | t'carnen! | ||
| cha- | kénillev | ne | sarn | te | carnen |
| ʧɑ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | sɑɹn | tɛ | ˈcɑɹnɛn |
| v | mi | n | conj | n | |
| IMP | see | OBJ: | boy | and | man |
| See the boy and the man! | |||||
| Sirev | carnen | ne | vaelesh. |
| sirev | carnen | ne | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | mi | n |
| have | man | OBJ: | hat |
| The man has a hat. | |||
| Ojo | sirev | sarn | ne | vaelesh? |
| ojo | sirev | sarn | ne | vaelesh |
| ˈoʤo | sɪˈɹɛv | sɑɹn | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| Y/N | have | boy | OBJ: | hat |
| Does the boy have a hat? | ||||
| Gyarovjo | sarn. | ||
| gyarov | -j- | -o | sarn |
| ɡjɑˈɹov | ʤ | ɔ | sɑɹn |
| v | part | epen | n |
| run | able | (NULL) | boy |
| The boy can run. | |||
| Ojo | gyarovjo | carnen? | ||
| ojo | gyarov | -j- | -o | carnen |
| ˈoʤo | ɡjɑˈɹov | ʤ | ɔ | ˈcɑɹnɛn |
| v | part | epen | n | |
| Y/N | run | able | (NULL) | man |
| Can the man run? | ||||
| Kénjo | carnen | ne | gyarovon | sarn. | |||
| kénillev | -j- | -o | carnen | ne | gyarov | -on | sarn |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɔ | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ɡjɑˈɹov | on | sɑɹn |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | v | n | n |
| see | able | (NULL) | man | OBJ: | run | :N | boy |
| The man can see the boy run. | |||||||
| Sirevni | ne | vaelesh. | |
| sirev | -ni | ne | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ni | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | prsn | mi | n |
| have | (self) | OBJ: | hat |
| I have a hat. | |||
| Sirevni | ne | chirejhen. | |
| sirev | -ni | ne | chirejhen |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ni | nɛ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| v | prsn | mi | n |
| have | (self) | OBJ: | toy |
| I have a toy. | |||
| Ojo | kénjec | chirejhen? | ||
| ojo | kénillev | -j- | -ec | chirejhen |
| ˈoʤo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɛk | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| v | part | prsn | n | |
| Y/N | see | able | 3SN | toy |
| Can the toy see? | ||||
| Kén'i | ne | chirejhen | seni. | ||
| kénillev | -ni | ne | chirejhen | s- | -ni |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | s | ni |
| v | prsn | mi | n | poss | prsn |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | toy | POSS: | (self) |
| I can see my toy. | |||||
| Ojo | sirevec | chirejhen | ne | vaelesh? | |
| ojo | sirev | -ec | chirejhen | ne | vaelesh |
| ˈoʤo | sɪˈɹɛv | ɛk | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | prsn | n | mi | n | |
| Y/N | have | 3SN | toy | OBJ: | hat |
| Does the toy have a hat? | |||||
| Sirevec | chirejhen | seni | ne | vaelesh. | ||
| sirev | -ec | chirejhen | s- | -ni | ne | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ɛk | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | s | ni | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | prsn | n | poss | prsn | mi | n |
| have | 3SN | toy | POSS: | (self) | OBJ: | hat |
| My toy has a hat. | ||||||
| Sirev | san | ne | chirejhen | t'vaelesh. | |
| sirev | san | ne | chirejhen | te | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | sɑn | nɛ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | tɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | mi | n | conj | n |
| have | girl | OBJ: | toy | and | hat |
| The girl has a toy and a hat. | |||||
| Ojo | cchikivjo | sarn? | ||
| ojo | cchikiv | -j- | -o | sarn |
| ˈoʤo | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | ʤ | ɔ | sɑɹn |
| v | part | epen | n | |
| Y/N | play | able | (NULL) | boy |
| Can the boy play? | ||||
| Gyarov | cchikivjo | sarn. | ||
| gyarov | cchikiv | -j- | -o | sarn |
| ɡjɑˈɹov | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | ʤ | ɔ | sɑɹn |
| v | v | part | epen | n |
| run | play | able | (NULL) | boy |
| The boy can run and play. | ||||
| Cchikivjo | sarn | ne | sedin. | ||
| cchikiv | -j- | -o | sarn | ne | sedin |
| ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | ʤ | ɔ | sɑɹn | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | n |
| play | able | (NULL) | boy | OBJ: | ball |
| The boy can play ball. | |||||
| Ojo | cchikivjo | carnen | ne | sedin. | ||
| ojo | cchikiv | -j- | -o | carnen | ne | sedin |
| ˈoʤo | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | ʤ | ɔ | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | n | |
| Y/N | play | able | (NULL) | man | OBJ: | ball |
| Can the man play ball? | ||||||
| Mish | kén | carnen | ne | cchikivon | sarn. | |
| mish | kénillev | carnen | ne | cchikiv | -on | sarn |
| miʃ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | on | sɑɹn |
| v | n | mi | v | n | n | |
| may | see | man | OBJ: | play | :N | boy |
| The man may see the boy play. | ||||||
| Mïsh | direv | carnen | në | sedin? | ||
| mish | " | direv | carnen | ne | " | sedin |
| miʃ | dɪˈɹɛv | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn | ||
| Q | v | n | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | take | man | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | ball |
| May the man take the ball? | ||||||
| Mish | direv | sarn | ne | sedin. |
| mish | direv | sarn | ne | sedin |
| miʃ | dɪˈɹɛv | sɑɹn | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| may | take | boy | OBJ: | ball |
| The boy may take the ball. | ||||
| Ojo | kénjo | san | ne | dochil? | ||
| ojo | kénillev | -j- | -o | san | ne | dochil |
| ˈoʤo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɔ | sɑn | nɛ | ˈdoʧil |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | n | |
| Y/N | see | able | (NULL) | girl | OBJ: | baby |
| Can the girl see the baby? | ||||||
| Ojo | kénjo | dochil | ne | chi'san? | |||
| ojo | kénillev | -j- | -o | dochil | ne | chi- | san |
| ˈoʤo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɔ | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ʧi | sɑn |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | adj | n | |
| Y/N | see | able | (NULL) | baby | OBJ: | DIM | girl |
| Can the baby see the little girl? | |||||||
| Sirev | dochil | ne | cátua | chirejhen. |
| sirev | dochil | ne | cátua | chirejhen |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| v | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | baby | OBJ: | big | toy |
| The baby has a big toy. | ||||
| Sirev | chi'san | ne | sedin. | |
| sirev | chi- | san | ne | sedin |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ʧi | sɑn | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | adj | n | mi | n |
| have | DIM | girl | OBJ: | ball |
| The little girl has a ball. | ||||
| Kéneni | ne | dochil. | |
| kénillev | -ni | ne | dochil |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | ˈdoʧil |
| v | prsn | mi | n |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | baby |
| I can see the baby. | |||
| Ojo | kénjo | dochil | ne | cátua | vaelesh | seni? | |||
| ojo | kénillev | -j- | -o | dochil | ne | cátua | vaelesh | s- | -ni |
| ˈoʤo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ʤ | ɔ | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ˈvelɛʃ | s | ni |
| v | part | epen | n | mi | adj | n | poss | prsn | |
| Y/N | see | able | (NULL) | baby | OBJ: | big | hat | POSS: | (self) |
| Can the baby see my big hat? | |||||||||
| Mish | sirev | dochil | ne | sedin | seni. | |
| mish | sirev | dochil | ne | sedin | s- | -ni |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn | s | ni |
| v | n | mi | n | poss | prsn | |
| may | have | baby | OBJ: | ball | POSS: | (self) |
| The baby may have my ball. | ||||||
| Cha'direv | dochil | ne | sedin! | |
| cha- | direv | dochil | ne | sedin |
| ʧɑ | dɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| IMP | take | baby | OBJ: | ball |
| Take the ball, baby! | ||||
| Mlirev | carnen | ne | chi'dajh. | |
| mlirev | carnen | ne | chi- | dajh |
| mlɪˈɹɛv | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ʧi | dɑʒ |
| v | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | man | OBJ: | DIM | dog |
| The man has a little dog. | ||||
| Mlirev | sarn | ne | cátua | dajh. |
| mlirev | sarn | ne | cátua | dajh |
| mlɪˈɹɛv | sɑɹn | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | dɑʒ |
| v | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | boy | OBJ: | big | dog |
| The boy has a big dog. | ||||
| Cha'kén | ne | gyarovon | chi'dajh! | |||
| cha- | kénillev | ne | gyarov | -on | chi- | dajh |
| ʧɑ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | ɡjɑˈɹov | on | ʧi | dɑʒ |
| v | mi | v | n | adj | n | |
| IMP | see | OBJ: | run | :N | DIM | dog |
| See the little dog run! | ||||||
| Sirevar | ne | sedin | seni. | ||
| sirev | -ar | ne | sedin | s- | -ni |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ɑɹ | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn | s | ni |
| v | prsn | mi | n | poss | prsn |
| have | 3SM | OBJ: | ball | POSS: | (self) |
| He has my ball. | |||||
| Mïsh | sirev | cátua | dajh | në'o? | |||
| mish | " | sirev | cátua | dajh | ne | " | no |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | dɑʒ | nɛ | no | ||
| Q | v | adj | n | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | have | big | dog | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | it |
| May the big dog have it? | |||||||
| Mïsh | direvar | në'o? | ||||
| mish | " | direv | -ar | ne | " | no |
| miʃ | dɪˈɹɛv | ɑɹ | nɛ | no | ||
| Q | v | prsn | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | take | 3SM | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | it |
| May he take it? | ||||||
| Mish | sirev | chi'dajh | ne | sedin. | |
| mish | sirev | chi- | dajh | ne | sedin |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | ʧi | dɑʒ | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | adj | n | mi | n | |
| may | have | DIM | dog | OBJ: | ball |
| The little dog may have the ball. | |||||
| Mish | gyarov | cchikivar | n'o. | ||
| mish | gyarov | cchikiv | -ar | ne | no |
| miʃ | ɡjɑˈɹov | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | ɑɹ | nɛ | no |
| v | v | prsn | mi | n | |
| may | run | play | 3SM | OBJ: | it |
| He may run and play with it. | |||||
| Cha'kén | ne | chi'va! | ||
| cha- | kénillev | ne | chi- | va |
| ʧɑ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | ʧi | vɑ |
| v | mi | adj | n | |
| IMP | see | OBJ: | DIM | bird |
| See the little bird! | ||||
| Mïsh | sirev | dochil | në'o? | |||
| mish | " | sirev | dochil | ne | " | no |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | no | ||
| Q | v | n | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | have | baby | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | it |
| May the baby have it? | ||||||
| Mïsh | direv | në'o? | |||
| mish | " | direv | ne | " | no |
| miʃ | dɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | no | ||
| Q | v | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | take | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | it |
| May she take it? | |||||
| Kal | direv | n'o. | |
| kal | direv | ne | no |
| kɑl | dɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | no |
| v | mi | n | |
| may not | take | OBJ: | it |
| She cannot take it. | |||
| Vastavjaer | va. | ||
| vastav | -j- | -aer | va |
| vɑsˈtɑv | ʤ | eɹ | vɑ |
| v | part | pro | n |
| fly | able | 3SU | bird |
| The bird can fly. | |||
| Kal | sirev | dochil | ne | va. |
| kal | sirev | dochil | ne | va |
| kɑl | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | vɑ |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| may not | have | baby | OBJ: | bird |
| The baby cannot have the bird. | ||||
| Vastavko. | ||
| vastav | -k- | -o |
| vɑsˈtɑv | k | ɔ |
| v | part | epen |
| fly | unable | (NULL) |
| She cannot fly. | ||
| Mish | cchikiv | ne | chirejhen | seni. | |
| mish | cchikiv | ne | chirejhen | s- | -ni |
| miʃ | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | nɛ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | s | ni |
| v | mi | n | poss | prsn | |
| may | play | OBJ: | toy | POSS: | (self) |
| She may play with my toy. | |||||
| Mish | sirev | ne | cátua | vaelesh | seni. | |
| mish | sirev | ne | cátua | vaelesh | s- | -ni |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ˈvelɛʃ | s | ni |
| v | mi | adj | n | poss | prsn | |
| may | have | OBJ: | big | hat | POSS: | (self) |
| She may have my big hat. | ||||||
| Kén'i | ne | carnen | t'dajh | t'hiji. | |||
| kénillev | -ni | ne | carnen | te | dajh | te | hiji |
| ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | ˈcɑɹnɛn | tɛ | dɑʒ | tɛ | ˈhiʤi |
| v | prsn | mi | n | conj | n | conj | n |
| see | (self) | OBJ: | man | and | dog | and | cow |
| I see a man and a dog and a cow. | |||||||
| Jhor'vae | hiji | t'vae | carnen. | ||
| jhor- | vae | hiji | te | vae | carnen |
| ʒoɹ | ve | ˈhiʤi | tɛ | ve | ˈcɑɹnɛn |
| cop | adv | n | conj | adv | n |
| EQUIV: | WHERE: | cow | and | WHERE: | man |
| The cow is with the man. | |||||
| Sirev | dajh | ne | cátua | vaelesh. |
| sirev | dajh | ne | cátua | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | dɑʒ | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | dog | OBJ: | big | hat |
| The dog has a big hat. | ||||
| Jhor'ar | chi'dajh | t'jhelle. | |||
| jhor- | -ar | chi- | dajh | te | jhelle |
| ʒoɹ | ɑɹ | ʧi | dɑʒ | tɛ | ʒɛl |
| cop | prsn | adj | n | conj | adj |
| EQUIV: | 3SM | DIM | dog | and | good |
| He is a good little dog. | |||||
| Mish | arevar | ne | carnen | ne | vaelesh. | |
| mish | arev | -ar | ne | carnen | ne | vaelesh |
| miʃ | ɑˈɹɛv | ɑɹ | nɛ | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | prsn | mi | n | mi | n | |
| may | give | 3SM | OBJ: | man | OBJ: | hat |
| He may take the hat to the man. | ||||||
| Énillevtar | carnen | ne | ejhejh. | ||
| énillev | -t- | -ar | carnen | ne | ejhejh |
| ˈɛnɪlɛv | t | ɑɹ | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈɛʒɛʒ |
| v | part | prsn | n | mi | n |
| feel | CAUS | 3SM | man | OBJ: | happiness |
| The man is good to the dog. | |||||
| Gyarovja | hiji. | Cchikivka. | ||||
| gyarov | -j- | -a | hiji | cchikiv | -k- | -a |
| ɡjɑˈɹov | ʤ | ɑ | ˈhiʤi | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | k | ɑ |
| v | part | prsn | n | v | part | prsn |
| run | able | 3SF | cow | play | unable | 3SF |
| The cow can run. She cannot play. | ||||||
| Kal | sirev | dochil | ne | va. |
| kal | sirev | dochil | ne | va |
| kɑl | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | vɑ |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| may not | have | baby | OBJ: | bird |
| The baby cannot have the bird. | ||||
| Vastavko, | t'ves | virevko | n'o. | ||||||
| vastav | -k- | -o | te | ves | virev | -k- | -o | ne | no |
| vɑsˈtɑv | k | ɔ | tɛ | vɛs | vɪˈɹɛv | k | ɔ | nɛ | no |
| v | part | epen | conj | adv | v | part | epen | mi | n |
| fly | unable | (NULL) | and | WHILE: | catch | unable | (NULL) | OBJ: | it |
| She cannot fly and catch it. | |||||||||
| Ojo | virevjo | ne | jhelle | chi'san? | |||
| ojo | virev | -j- | -o | ne | jhelle | chi- | san |
| ˈoʤo | vɪˈɹɛv | ʤ | ɔ | nɛ | ʒɛl | ʧi | sɑn |
| v | part | epen | mi | adj | adj | n | |
| Y/N | catch | able | (NULL) | OBJ: | good | DIM | girl |
| Can she catch the good little girl? | |||||||
| Cha'mirv | dochil, | cha'mirv! | ||
| cha- | mirv | dochil | cha- | mirv |
| ʧɑ | miɹv | ˈdoʧil | ʧɑ | miɹv |
| v | n | v | ||
| IMP | come | baby | IMP | come |
| Come, baby, come! | ||||
| Cha'mirv | cha'virevleni. | ||||
| cha- | mirv | cha- | virev | -l- | -ni |
| ʧɑ | miɹv | ʧɑ | vɪˈɹɛv | l | ni |
| v | v | part | prsn | ||
| IMP | come | IMP | catch | DO | (self) |
| Come and catch me. | |||||
| Cha'virev | n'i | t'cátua | chirejhen. | |||
| cha- | virev | ne | -ni | te | cátua | chirejhen |
| ʧɑ | vɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | ni | tɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| v | mi | prsn | conj | adj | n | |
| IMP | catch | OBJ: | (self) | and | big | toy |
| Catch me and my big toy. | ||||||
| Yet | ketye | virevleni, | jhiye | sirev | ne | chirejhen. | ||
| yet | ketye | virev | -l- | -ni | jhiye | sirev | ne | chirejhen |
| jɛt | ˈkɛtjɛ | vɪˈɹɛv | l | ni | ˈʒijɛ | sɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| mi | v | part | prsn | mi | v | mi | n | |
| if | COND: | catch | DO | (self) | then | have | OBJ: | toy |
| Catch me, and you may have the toy. | ||||||||
| Mish | sirev | n'o | vépelai'cchikivon. | |||
| mish | sirev | ne | no | vépelai | cchikiv | -on |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | no | ˈvɛpɛlɑi | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | on |
| v | mi | n | adv | v | n | |
| may | have | OBJ: | it | PURPOSE: | play | :N |
| You may have it to play with. | ||||||
| Do'llav |
| do'llav |
| dolə̆ˈlɑv |
| v |
| review |
| Review |
| Mlirev | sarn | ne | cátua | dajh. |
| mlirev | sarn | ne | cátua | dajh |
| mlɪˈɹɛv | sɑɹn | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | dɑʒ |
| v | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | boy | OBJ: | big | dog |
| The boy has a big dog. | ||||
| Mish | kén | ne | cchikivon | dajh | done | sedin. | ||
| mish | kénillev | ne | cchikiv | -on | dajh | do- | ne | sedin |
| miʃ | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | ʧə̆ʧiˈkiv | on | dɑʒ | do | nɛ | ˈsɛdɪn |
| v | mi | v | n | n | mi | n | ||
| may | see | OBJ: | play | :N | dog | RE | OBJ: | ball |
| You may see the dog play ball. | ||||||||
| Ojo | virevjo | n'o? | |||
| ojo | virev | -j- | -o | ne | no |
| ˈoʤo | vɪˈɹɛv | ʤ | ɔ | nɛ | no |
| v | part | epen | mi | n | |
| Y/N | catch | able | (NULL) | OBJ: | it |
| Can he catch it? | |||||
| Mïsh | gyarov | direv | në'o? | |||
| mish | " | gyarov | direv | ne | " | no |
| miʃ | ɡjɑˈɹov | dɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | no | ||
| Q | v | v | mi | Q | n | |
| may | Q (ablaut) | run | take | OBJ: | Q (ablaut) | it |
| May I run and take it? | ||||||
| Sirev | carnen | ne | hiji | egik | cátua | vaelesh. |
| sirev | carnen | ne | hiji | egik | cátua | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ˈcɑɹnɛn | nɛ | ˈhiʤi | ˈɛɡɪk | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | mi | n | mi | adj | n |
| have | man | OBJ: | cow | SUBJ: | big | hat |
| The man with the big hat has a cow. | ||||||
| Énillevto | san | chi'dochil | ne | ejhejh. | |||
| énillev | -t- | -o | san | chi- | dochil | ne | ejhejh |
| ˈɛnɪlɛv | t | ɔ | sɑn | ʧi | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈɛʒɛʒ |
| v | part | epen | n | adj | n | mi | n |
| feel | CAUS | (NULL) | girl | DIM | baby | OBJ: | happiness |
| The girl is good to the little baby. | |||||||
| Mish | sirev | dochil | ne | cátua | chirejhen | seni. | |
| mish | sirev | dochil | ne | cátua | chirejhen | s- | -ni |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | ˈdoʧil | nɛ | ˈkɑtu.ɑ | ʧiˈɹɛʒɛn | s | ni |
| v | n | mi | adj | n | poss | prsn | |
| may | have | baby | OBJ: | big | toy | POSS: | (self) |
| The baby may have my big toy. | |||||||
| Virevko | ne | va. | ||
| virev | -k- | -o | ne | va |
| vɪˈɹɛv | k | ɔ | nɛ | vɑ |
| v | part | epen | mi | n |
| catch | unable | (NULL) | OBJ: | bird |
| She cannot catch the bird. | ||||
| Mish | mirv | tei | en'i, | t'vesik | kén | ne | vastavon | va | k'. | ||
| mish | mirv | tei | en'i | te | vesik | kénillev | ne | vastav | -on | va | kesik |
| miʃ | miɹv | te | ɛnːˈi | tɛ | ˈvɛsɪk | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | vɑsˈtɑv | on | vɑ | ˈkɛsɪk |
| v | conj | pro | conj | adv | v | mi | v | n | n | adv | |
| may | come | with | SELF | and | THEN: | see | OBJ: | fly | :N | bird | :THEN |
| She may come with me and see the bird fly. | |||||||||||