Orthographic
Asha'ille
[1] 16 Eyen'lle
[2] Sirev Su ne chirejhen. [3] Sirevec ne biya hishalle. [4] Mish sirevteith Su erú so'An ne chirejhen, [5] t'vesik ve'hhe ovdeith An n'o. [6] Aljhev Su ne An.[7] 17 Eyen'lle
[8] Jhor'va t'vae haláin. [9] Sireva ne nesaeath va'aea. [10] Jhor'vae va'aea t'car kalagam. [11] Cha'kr sshaghov ne va'aea. [12] Ojo mish virevta va chifilei ne car kalagam sa?[13] 18 Eyen'lle
[14] Jhor'nes t'lorsath va. [15] Lo'mmavaer ne biya tachan. [16] Di'ay kyelsaev ne erú so'Su, t'ves jha'sshav. [17] Illeveith ne lorsath va. [18] Jhi daedh vo en'i.[19] 19 Eyen'lle
[20] Ojo kén ne cchikivon sarnim? [21] Jhi, kén'i n'om. Jhor'car t'nom. [22] Jhor'Tam t'gor ccat 'yu veiak gir mal gyarov. [23] Virevjeith Nat n'o. [24] Éjhni ne cchikiv sarnim.[25] 20 Eyen'lle — Do'llav
[26] Sirev Su ne chirejhen t'lorsath va. [27] Sirev chirejhen seith ne biya hishalle t'chi vaelesh. [28] Illev Su ne Meri, t'vet sirevteith Su erú so'Meri ne chirejhen. [29] Lo'mmav lorsath va ne tachan. [30] Vilo'tachan kyelsaev Su Meri, t'ves di'ay jha'sshav va. [31] Jhor'vam t'vae haláin 'sa vilo'chiruman. [32] Ojo kén n'o? [33] Jhi. Jhor'car t'nom 'sa vae'va aea. [34] Di'ay kr'sshaghov Tam ne va'aea so'va. [35] Jhor'no t'gir jhelle, veia'vo.English
[1] Lesson XVI
[2] Sue has a doll. [3] It has a new dress. [4] She will let Ann hold the doll in her hands, [5] and Ann will fan it. [6] Sue is kind to Ann.[7] Lesson XVII
[8] A bird is in the tree. [9] It has a nest there. [10] The nest has five eggs in it. [11] Do not rob the nest. [12] Will the bird let the cat get her five eggs?[13] Lesson XVIII
[14] This is a pet bird. [15] It lives in a new cage. [16] It will stand on Sue's hand, and sing. [17] Sue loves her pet bird. [18] So do I love it.[19] Lesson XIX
[20] Do you see the boys at play? [21] Yes, I see them; there are five of them. [22] Tom is too fat to run fast. [23] Nat can catch him. [24] I like to see boys play.[25] Lesson XX — Review
[26] Sue has a doll and a pet bird. [27] Her doll has a new dress and a cap. [28] Sue loves Mary, and will let her hold the doll. [29] The pet bird lives in the cage. [30] Sue and Mary will stand by the cage, and the bird will sing. [31] There are birds in the tree by the pond. [32] Can you see them? [33] Yes; there are five of them in a nest. [34] Tom will not rob a bird's nest. [35] He is too kind to do so.Parts of Speech Legend
- adj
- adjective
- adv
- adverb
- conj
- conjunction
- cop
- copula
- mi
- modifier
- n
- noun
- part
- particle
- pl
- plural
- poss
- pro
- pro-form
- prop
- proper name
- prsn
- person
- tns
- tense
- v
- verb
Interlinear
| orthographic version |
| morphemic breakdown |
| IPA pronunciation |
| part of speech |
| English translation |
| [1] 16 | Eyen'lle |
| eyen'lle | |
| ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
| n | |
| ?? | lesson |
| [1] Lesson XVI | |
| Sirev | Su | ne | chirejhen. |
| sirev | Su | ne | chirejhen |
| sɪˈɹɛv | su | nɛ | t͡ʃiˈɹɛʒɛn |
| v | prop | mi | n |
| have | Sue | OBJ: | toy |
| Sue has a doll. | |||
| Sirevec | ne | biya | hishalle. | |
| sirev | -ec | ne | biya | hishalle |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ɛk | nɛ | ˈbijɑ | hiˈʃɑl |
| v | prsn | mi | adj | n |
| have | 3SN | OBJ: | new | dress |
| It has a new dress. | ||||
| Mish | sirevteith | Su | erú | so'An | ne | chirejhen, | |||
| mish | sirev | -t- | -eith | Su | erú | so- | An | ne | chirejhen |
| miʃ | sɪˈɹɛv | t | eθ | su | so | ɑn | nɛ | t͡ʃiˈɹɛʒɛn | |
| v | part | prsn | prop | poss | prop | mi | n | ||
| may | have | CAUS | acq ring | Sue | ?? | POSS: | Ann | OBJ: | toy |
| She will let Ann hold the doll in her hands, | |||||||||
| t'vesik | ve'hhe | ovdeith | An | n'o. | |||||
| te | vesik | ve | hhe | ov | -d- | -eith | An | ne | no |
| tɛ | ˈvɛsɪk | vɛ | hə̆ˈhɛ | ov | d | eθ | ɑn | nɛ | no |
| conj | adv | adv | n | v | tns | prsn | prop | mi | n |
| and | THEN: | ADV: | fan | do | FUT | acq ring | Ann | OBJ: | it |
| and Ann will fan it. | |||||||||
| Aljhev | Su | ne | An. |
| aljhev | Su | ne | An |
| ɑlˈʒɛv | su | nɛ | ɑn |
| v | prop | mi | prop |
| be kind | Sue | OBJ: | Ann |
| Sue is kind to Ann. | |||
| [7] 17 | Eyen'lle |
| eyen'lle | |
| ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
| n | |
| ?? | lesson |
| [7] Lesson XVII | |
| Jhor'va | t'vae | haláin. | ||
| jhor- | va | te | vae | haláin |
| ʒoɹ | vɑ | tɛ | ve | hɑˈlɑin |
| cop | n | conj | adv | n |
| EQUIV: | bird | and | WHERE: | tree |
| A bird is in the tree. | ||||
| Sireva | ne | nesaeath | va'aea. | ||
| sirev | -a | ne | nesaea | -ith | va'aea |
| sɪˈɹɛv | ɑ | nɛ | nɛˈsɛ.ɑ | ɪθ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ |
| v | prsn | mi | n | adj | |
| have | 3SF | OBJ: | there | ADJ | nest |
| It has a nest there. | |||||
| Jhor'vae | va'aea | t'car | kalagam. | |||
| jhor- | vae | va'aea | te | car | kalaga | -im |
| ʒoɹ | ve | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | tɛ | kɑɹ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ |
| cop | adv | conj | adj | n | pl | |
| EQUIV: | WHERE: | nest | and | five | egg | PL |
| The nest has five eggs in it. | ||||||
| Cha'kr | sshaghov | ne | va'aea. | |
| cha- | kre | sshaghov | ne | va'aea |
| t͡ʃɑ | kɹɛ | ʃə̆ʃɑˈxov | nɛ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ |
| adj | v | mi | ||
| IMP | NEG: | steal | OBJ: | nest |
| Do not rob the nest. | ||||
| Ojo | mish | virevta | va | chifilei | ne | car | kalagam | sa? | ||||
| ojo | mish | virev | -t- | -a | va | chifilei | ne | car | kalaga | -im | s- | -a |
| ˈod͡ʒo | miʃ | vɪˈɹɛv | t | ɑ | vɑ | t͡ʃɪˈfɪle | nɛ | kɑɹ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ | s | ɑ |
| v | part | prsn | n | n | mi | adj | n | pl | poss | prsn | ||
| Y/N | may | catch | CAUS | 3SF | bird | housecat | OBJ: | five | egg | PL | POSS: | 3SF |
| Will the bird let the cat get her five eggs? | ||||||||||||
| [13] 18 | Eyen'lle |
| eyen'lle | |
| ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
| n | |
| ?? | lesson |
| [13] Lesson XVIII | |
| Jhor'nes | t'lorsath | va. | ||
| jhor- | nes | te | lorsath | va |
| ʒoɹ | nɛs | tɛ | vɑ | |
| cop | pro | conj | n | |
| EQUIV: | this | and | ?? | bird |
| This is a pet bird. | ||||
| Lo'mmavaer | ne | biya | tachan. | |
| lo'mmav | -aer | ne | biya | tachan |
| lomə̆ˈmɑv | eɹ | nɛ | ˈbijɑ | ˈtɑt͡ʃɑn |
| v | pro | mi | adj | n |
| live | 3SU | OBJ: | new | cage |
| It lives in a new cage. | ||||
| Di'ay | kyelsaev | ne | erú | so'Su, | t'ves | jha'sshav. | ||
| di'ay | kyelsaev | ne | erú | so- | Su | te | ves | jha'sshav |
| diˈʔɑi | kjɛlˈsev | nɛ | so | su | tɛ | vɛs | ʒɑʃə̆ˈʃɑv | |
| tns | v | mi | poss | prop | conj | adv | v | |
| FUT | stand | OBJ: | ?? | POSS: | Sue | and | WHILE: | sing |
| It will stand on Sue's hand, and sing. | ||||||||
| Illeveith | ne | lorsath | va. | |
| illev | -eith | ne | lorsath | va |
| iˈlɛv | eθ | nɛ | vɑ | |
| v | prsn | mi | n | |
| love | acq ring | OBJ: | ?? | bird |
| Sue loves her pet bird. | ||||
| Jhi | daedh | vo | en'i. |
| jhi | daedh | vo | en'i |
| ʒi | deð | vo | ɛnːˈi |
| pro | pro | ||
| yes | also | PRO-VERB | SELF |
| So do I love it. | |||
| [19] 19 | Eyen'lle |
| eyen'lle | |
| ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
| n | |
| ?? | lesson |
| [19] Lesson XIX | |
| Ojo | kén | ne | cchikivon | sarnim? | ||
| ojo | kénillev | ne | cchikiv | -on | sarn | -im |
| ˈod͡ʒo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | t͡ʃə̆t͡ʃiˈkiv | on | sɑɹn | mˈ̍ |
| v | mi | v | n | n | pl | |
| Y/N | see | OBJ: | play | :N | boy | PL |
| Do you see the boys at play? | ||||||
| Jhi, | kén'i | n'om. | Jhor'car | t'nom. | |||||
| jhi | kénillev-ni | ne | no | -im | jhor- | car | te | no | -im |
| ʒi | nɛ | no | mˈ̍ | ʒoɹ | kɑɹ | tɛ | no | mˈ̍ | |
| mi | n | pl | cop | adj | conj | n | pl | ||
| yes | ?? | OBJ: | it | PL | EQUIV: | five | and | it | PL |
| Yes, I see them; there are five of them. | |||||||||
| Jhor'Tam | t'gor | ccat | 'yu | veiak | gir | mal | gyarov. | ||||
| jhor- | Tam | te | gor | ccat | alun- | -yu | veia | keia | gir | mal | gyarov |
| ʒoɹ | tɑm | tɛ | ɡoɹ | kə̆ˈkɑt | ɑˈlun | ju | ˈve.ɑ | ke.ɑ | ɡiɹ | mɑl | ɡjɑˈɹov |
| cop | prop | conj | adj | adj | mi | mi | adv | adv | adj | adj | v |
| EQUIV: | Tom | and | too | fat | PREV | phrase | GOAL: | :GOAL | more | of moderate speed | run |
| Tom is too fat to run fast. | |||||||||||
| Virevjeith | Nat | n'o. | |||
| virev | -j- | -eith | Nat | ne | no |
| vɪˈɹɛv | d͡ʒ | eθ | nɑt | nɛ | no |
| v | part | prsn | prop | mi | n |
| catch | able | acq ring | Nat | OBJ: | it |
| Nat can catch him. | |||||
| Éjhni | ne | cchikiv | sarnim. | ||
| éjhillev | -ni | ne | cchikiv | sarn | -im |
| ˈɛʒɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | t͡ʃə̆t͡ʃiˈkiv | sɑɹn | mˈ̍ |
| v | prsn | mi | v | n | pl |
| enjoy | SELF | OBJ: | play | boy | PL |
| I like to see boys play. | |||||
| [25] 20 | Eyen'lle | — Do'llav |
| eyen'lle | do'llav | |
| ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | dolə̆ˈlɑv | |
| n | v | |
| ?? | lesson | review |
| [25] Lesson XX — Review | ||
| Sirev | Su | ne | chirejhen | t'lorsath | va. | |
| sirev | Su | ne | chirejhen | te | lorsath | va |
| sɪˈɹɛv | su | nɛ | t͡ʃiˈɹɛʒɛn | tɛ | vɑ | |
| v | prop | mi | n | conj | n | |
| have | Sue | OBJ: | toy | and | ?? | bird |
| Sue has a doll and a pet bird. | ||||||
| Sirev | chirejhen | seith | ne | biya | hishalle | t'chi | vaelesh. | ||
| sirev | chirejhen | s- | -eith | ne | biya | hishalle | te | chi- | vaelesh |
| sɪˈɹɛv | t͡ʃiˈɹɛʒɛn | s | eθ | nɛ | ˈbijɑ | hiˈʃɑl | tɛ | t͡ʃi | ˈvelɛʃ |
| v | n | poss | prsn | mi | adj | n | conj | adj | n |
| have | toy | POSS: | acq ring | OBJ: | new | dress | and | DIM | hat |
| Her doll has a new dress and a cap. | |||||||||
| Illev | Su | ne | Meri, | t'vet | sirevteith | Su | erú | so'Meri | ne | chirejhen. | ||||
| illev | Su | ne | Meri | te | vet | sirev | -t- | -eith | Su | erú | so- | Meri | ne | chirejhen |
| iˈlɛv | su | nɛ | ˈmɛɹi | tɛ | vɛt | sɪˈɹɛv | t | eθ | su | so | ˈmɛɹi | nɛ | t͡ʃiˈɹɛʒɛn | |
| v | prop | mi | prop | conj | adv | v | part | prsn | prop | poss | prop | mi | n | |
| love | Sue | OBJ: | Mary | and | THEREFORE: | have | CAUS | acq ring | Sue | ?? | POSS: | Mary | OBJ: | toy |
| Sue loves Mary, and will let her hold the doll. | ||||||||||||||
| Lo'mmav | lorsath | va | ne | tachan. |
| lo'mmav | lorsath | va | ne | tachan |
| lomə̆ˈmɑv | vɑ | nɛ | ˈtɑt͡ʃɑn | |
| v | n | mi | n | |
| live | ?? | bird | OBJ: | cage |
| The pet bird lives in the cage. | ||||
| Vilo'tachan | kyelsaev | Su | Meri, | t'ves | di'ay | jha'sshav | va. | ||
| vilo | tachan | kyelsaev | Su | Meri | te | ves | di'ay | jha'sshav | va |
| ˈvilo | ˈtɑt͡ʃɑn | kjɛlˈsev | su | ˈmɛɹi | tɛ | vɛs | diˈʔɑi | ʒɑʃə̆ˈʃɑv | vɑ |
| adv | n | v | prop | prop | conj | adv | tns | v | n |
| NEAR: | cage | stand | Sue | Mary | and | WHILE: | FUT | sing | bird |
| Sue and Mary will stand by the cage, and the bird will sing. | |||||||||
| Jhor'vam | t'vae | haláin | 'sa | vilo'chiruman. | |||||
| jhor- | va | -im | te | vae | haláin | alun- | -sa | vilo | chiruman |
| ʒoɹ | vɑ | mˈ̍ | tɛ | ve | hɑˈlɑin | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ˈvilo | t͡ʃɪˈɹumɑn |
| cop | n | pl | conj | adv | n | mi | mi | adv | n |
| EQUIV: | bird | PL | and | WHERE: | tree | PREV | 1 | NEAR: | lake |
| There are birds in the tree by the pond. | |||||||||
| Ojo | kén | n'o? | |
| ojo | kénillev | ne | no |
| ˈod͡ʒo | ˈkɛnɪlɛv | nɛ | no |
| v | mi | n | |
| Y/N | see | OBJ: | it |
| Can you see them? | |||
| Jhi. | Jhor'car | t'nom | 'sa | vae'va aea. | |||||
| jhi | jhor- | car | te | no | -im | alun- | -sa | vae | va'aea |
| ʒi | ʒoɹ | kɑɹ | tɛ | no | mˈ̍ | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ve | vɑˈʔe.ɑ |
| cop | adj | conj | n | pl | mi | mi | adv | ||
| yes | EQUIV: | five | and | it | PL | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | nest |
| Yes; there are five of them in a nest. | |||||||||
| Di'ay | kr'sshaghov | Tam | ne | va'aea | so'va. | ||
| di'ay | kre | sshaghov | Tam | ne | va'aea | so- | va |
| diˈʔɑi | kɹɛ | ʃə̆ʃɑˈxov | tɑm | nɛ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | so | vɑ |
| tns | adj | v | prop | mi | poss | n | |
| FUT | NEG: | steal | Tom | OBJ: | nest | POSS: | bird |
| Tom will not rob a bird's nest. | |||||||
| Jhor'no | t'gir | jhelle, | veia'vo. | |||
| jhor- | no | te | gir | jhelle | veia | vo |
| ʒoɹ | no | tɛ | ɡiɹ | ʒɛl | ˈve.ɑ | vo |
| cop | n | conj | adj | adj | adv | pro |
| EQUIV: | it | and | more | good | GOAL: | PRO-VERB |
| He is too kind to do so. | ||||||